《论语·為政》中英文对照
為政第二BOOK II. WEI CHANG.
【第一章】子曰、為政以德、譬如北辰、居其所、而眾星共之。
CHAP. I. The Master said, ''He who exercises government
by means of his virtue may be compared to the north polar
star, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it.''
【第二章】子曰、詩三百、一言以蔽之、曰、思無邪。
【第三章】【一節】子曰、道之以政、齊之以刑、民免而無恥。【二節】道
之以德、齊之以禮、有恥且格。
【第四章】【一節】子曰、吾十有五而志于學。【二節】三十而立。【三節】
四十而不惑。【四節】五十而知天命。【五節】六十而耳順。【五節】七十而從心所欲、不踰矩。
CHAP. II. The Master said, ''In the Book of Poetry are
three hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be
embraced in one sentence-- "Having no depraved thoughts."''
CHAP. III. 1. The Master said, ''If the people be led by
laws, and uniformity sought to be given them by punishments,
they will try to avoid the punishment, but have no sense of
shame.
2. ''If they be led by virtue, and uniformity sought to be
given them by the rules of propriety, they will have the sense
of shame, and moreover will become good.''
CHAP. IV. 1. The Master said, ''At fifteen, I had my mind
bent on learning.
2. ''At thirty, I stood firm.
3. ''At forty, I had no doubts.
4. ''At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven.
5. ''At sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the
reception of truth.
6. ''At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired,
without transgressing what was right.''
【第五章】【一節】孟懿子問孝、子曰、無違。【二節】樊遲御、子告之曰、
孟孫問孝於我、我對曰、無違。【三節】樊遲曰、何謂也、子曰、生事之以
禮、死葬之以禮、祭之以禮。
CHAP. V. 1. Mang I asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, ''It is not being disobedient.''
2. Soon after, as Fan Ch''ih was driving him, the Master
told him, saying, ''Mang-sun asked me what filial piety was, and
I answered him,-- "not being disobedient."''
3. Fan Ch''ih said, ''What did you mean?'' The Master
replied, ''That parents, when alive, be served according to
propriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to
propriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to
propriety.''
【第六章】孟武伯問孝、子曰、父母唯其疾之憂。
【第七章】子游問孝、子曰、今之孝者、是謂能養、至於犬馬、皆能有養、
不敬、何以別乎。
【第八章】子夏問孝、子曰、色難、有事、弟子服其勞、有酒食、先生饌、
曾是以為孝乎。
CHAP. VI. Mang Wu asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, ''Parents are anxious lest their children should be
sick.''
CHAP. VII. Tsze-yu asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, ''The filial piety of now-a-days means the support
of one''s parents. But dogs and horses likewise are able to do
something in the way of support;-- without reverence, what is
there to distinguish the one support given from the other?''
CHAP. VIII. Tsze-hsia asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, ''The difficulty is with the countenance. If, when
their elders have any troublesome affairs, the young take the
toil of them, and if, when the young have wine and food, they
set them before their elders, is THIS to be considered filial
piety?''
【第九章】子曰、吾與回言終日、不違、如愚。退兒省其私、亦足以發、回
也不愚。
【第十章】【一節】子曰、視其所以。【二節】觀其所由。【三節】察其所
安。【四節】人焉廋哉、人焉廋哉。
【十一章】子曰、溫故而知新、可以為師矣。
CHAP. IX. The Master said, ''I have talked with Hui for a
whole day, and he has not made any objection to anything I
said;-- as if he were stupid. He has retired, and I have
examined his conduct when away from me, and found him able
to illustrate my teachings. Hui!-- He is not stupid.''
CHAP. X. 1. The Master said, ''See what a man does.
2. ''Mark his motives.
3. ''Examine in what things he rests.
4. ''How can a man conceal his character?
5. How can a man conceal his character?''
CHAP. XI. The Master said, ''If a man keeps cherishing his
old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he may
be a teacher of others.''
【十二章】子曰、君子不器。
【十三章】子貢問君子、子曰、先行其言、而後從之。
【十四章】子曰、君子周而不比、小人比而不周。
【十五章】子曰、學而不思則罔、思而不學則殆。
【十六章】子曰、攻乎異端、斯害也己。
CHAP. XII. The Master said, ''The accomplished scholar is
not a utensil.''
CHAP. XIII. Tsze-kung asked what constituted the
superior man. The Master said, ''He acts before he speaks, and
afterwards speaks according to his actions.''
CHAP. XIV. The Master said, ''The superior man is catholic
and no partisan. The mean man is partisan and not catholic.''
CHAP. XV. The Master said, ''Learning without thought is
labour lost; thought without learning is perilous.''
CHAP. XVI. The Master said, ''The study of strange
doctrines is injurious indeed!''
【十七章】子曰、由、誨女知之乎、知之為知之、不知為不知、是知也。
【十八章】【一節】子張學干祿。【一節】子曰、多聞闕疑、慎言其餘、則
寡尤、多見闕殆、慎行其餘、則寡悔、言寡尤、行寡悔、祿在其中矣。
CHAP. XVII. The Master said, ''Yu, shall I teach you what
knowledge is? When you know a thing, to hold that you know
it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not
know it;-- this is knowledge.''
CHAP. XVII. 1. Tsze-chang was learning with a view to
official emolument.
2. The Master said, ''Hear much and put aside the points
of which you stand in doubt, while you speak cautiously at the
same time of the others:-- then you will afford few occasions
for blame. See much and put aside the things which seem
perilous, while you are cautious at the same time in carrying
the others into practice:-- then you will have few occasions for
repentance. When one gives few occasions for blame in his
words, and few occasions for repentance in his conduct, he is in
the way to get emolument.''
【十九章】哀公聞曰、何為則民服。孔子對曰、舉直錯諸枉、則民服、舉枉
錯諸直、則民不服。
【二十章】季康子問使民敬忠以勤、如之何。子曰、臨之以莊、則敬、孝慈、
則忠、舉善而教不能、則勤。
【廿一章】【一節】或謂孔子曰、子奚不為政。【二節】子曰、書云孝乎、惟孝友于兄弟、施於有政、是亦為政、奚其為為政。
CHAP. XIX. The Duke Ai asked, saying, ''What should be
done in order to secure the submission of the people?''
Confucius replied, ''Advance the upright and set aside the
crooked, then the people will submit. Advance the crooked and
set aside the upright, then the people will not submit.''
CHAP. XX. Chi K''ang asked how to cause the people to
reverence their ruler, to be faithful to him, and to go on to
nerve themselves to virtue. The Master said, ''Let him preside
over them with gravity;-- then they will reverence him. Let
him be filial and kind to all;-- then they will be faithful to him.
Let him advance the good and teach the incompetent;-- then
they will eagerly seek to be virtuous.''
CHAP. XXI. 1. Some one addressed Confucius, saying, ''Sir,
why are you not engaged in the government?''
2. The Master said, ''What does the Shu-ching say of filial
piety?-- "You are filial, you discharge your brotherly duties.
These qualities are displayed in government." This then also
constitutes the exercise of government. Why must there be
THAT-- making one be in the government?''
【廿二章】子曰、人而無信、不知其可也、大車無輗、小車無軏、其何以行
之哉。
【廿三章】【一節】子張問十世、可知也。【二節】子曰、殷因於夏禮、
CHAP. XXII. The Master said, ''I do not know how a man
without truthfulness is to get on. How can a large carriage be
made to go without the cross-bar for yoking the oxen to, or a
small carriage without the arrangement for yoking the horses?''
CHAP. XXIII. 1. Tsze-chang asked whether the affairs of
ten ages after could be known.
2. Confucius said, ''The Yin dynasty followed the
regulations of the Hsia: wherein it took from or added to them
may be known. The Chau dynasty has followed the regulations
of Yin: wherein it took from or added to them may be known.
Some other may follow the Chau, but though it should be at the
distance of a hundred ages, its affairs may be known.''
所損益、可知也、周因於殷禮、所損益、可知也、其或繼周者、雖百世、可
知也。
【廿四章】【一節】子曰、非其鬼而祭之、諂也。【二節】見義不為、無勇
也。
CHAP. XXIV. 1. The Master said, ''For a man to sacrifice to
a spirit which does not belong to him is flattery.
2. ''To see what is right and not to do it is want of
courage.'' 学习了
页:
[1]
